Supplies All of these supplies can be found at hardware, paint, and crafts stores.
- BIN Primer/Sealer
--Don't substitute a different primer.
BIN is a shellac-based primer that sticks really well to slick, smooth
surfaces (without deglossing) and allows you to paint all sorts of things
that paint usually won't stick to like glass, glossy paint, and Formica.
- Zinsser Bulls Eye Shellac, Clear
--You can probably also do this
project with spray shellac, but I brushed it on and am only giving directions
for that application. A pint of shellac should be enough to do several
shelves.
- Denatured Alcohol
--To thin out the shellac. Don't ever use isopropyl
or rubbing alcohol with shellac.
- Paint--
- Gleams Ceramcoat Acrylic Paint by Delta, Bronze (#02606)
- Delta Ceramcoat Acrylic Paint,Green Sea (#02445)
- Apple Barrel Acrylic Paint by Plaid, Nutmeg Brown (#20521)
One bottle of the green should be enough to do several shelves and supports,
but I'd get one of each of the other two colors for every three shelves
you're doing. These should be available at any crafts supply store and in
some crafts departments at other stores. If you can't find these colors you
can substitute the bronze with a coppery-looking antique gold (most of the
copper colors I found were too orange), the Nutmeg Brown looks just like
melted milk chocolate, and the Green Sea looks like that color green that
was so popular in the '30s and '40s (I have several cooking utensils that
have handles this color). What you're after is the look of verdigris, which
varies in color anyway.
- A cheap little foam paint roller
--Get one that comes with at
least two of the foam covers (you might want to pick up a couple
of spares if you're doing several shelves). Buy the cheapest you can find;
they aren't worth cleaning after this project. A roller that comes with its
own little pan is handy. Otherwise you'll need something like a one-course,
frozen meal container to use as a roller pan.
- An old T-shirt
--Cut this into two (approximately) 12" squares so
that when they're folded up they make about a 4 x 4 inch pad. You need another
smaller pad (about 3 x 3) to apply the green.
- 1 1/2"-2" brush
--To apply the shellac.
- 1" foam brush
--See Step 4
- 0000 Steel Wool
--To knock the shine off the shellac.
If it's still too shiny for your taste, you'll want to use 000 steel wool
instead, so you may want to go ahead and pick some of this up, too.
- Paste Wax
--Optional. See Step 10
- Ammonia
--For cleaning your brush after applying the shellac.
Denatured alcohol works, too, but ammonia is cheaper.
Instructions
Step 1 Even if the shelves are new,
it's probably still a good idea to wipe them off with alcohol to remove any
residue that may be left behind from the manufacturing process. If they're
used, clean them up with whatever cleaner you have handy. Crayon (or any
other kind of wax) and grease should be removed with paint thinner/mineral
spirits and mildew with bleach, but the BIN will cover any remaining stains.
It wouldn't hurt to give the shelves a final wipe down with some alcohol,
no matter how you clean them.
Step 2 Stir up the BIN, pour it in the roller pan, and then use the
foam roller to thoroughly cover the surface of the shelves and shelf supports.
The foam roller causes the surface to be somewhat rough, but you want it to
be--it adds to the effect. It's exactly this reason that I don't recommend
using a foam roller for any other application of this product (unless a rough
surface is what you're after). The BIN will feel dry to the touch in a few
minutes, but let it dry for about 45 minutes before you start painting. Use
a little piece of fine sandpaper to knock off any pointy "peaks" in the primer
that may otherwise get knocked off later when you rub out the finish,
revealing the BIN below the paint.
Step 3 Wet the two larger pieces of T-shirt and ring them out well.
Then fold each into about a 4" x 4" pad.
Step 4 Squirt some of the bronze and some of the brown paint onto
separate plates (or whatever else you want to use that isn't too deep and
gives you room to blot some of the paint off your rag). Then, starting with
the brown, dip the flat surface of one pad into the paint, blot off the
excess, and then lightly pat-pat-pat all over the surface. You want to cover
it, but this is just the first level so you don't need to be terribly
thorough. The paint dries almost instantly so you can proceed right to the
next steps. Use the chisel tip of a sponge brush to get in around the little
raised squares at the corners of each shelf where the supports attach, and
then blend in using the edge of the rag.
Step 5 Use the other pad to do the same thing with the bronze paint.
Then go back to the brown, and finish with the bronze. What you're after is
depth and texture, so, you can keep going back and forth between the two
colors until it looks interesting to you. It looked good to me after four
layers. No matter how many you do, you want to end with the bronze.
Step 6 Put the shelves together before adding the green. Then,
make a smaller pad out of your remaining piece of T-shirt (don't forget to
get it wet and wring it out first). Using just the edge of the pad, very
lightly start applying the green anyplace where there's a 90 degree angle,
along the bottom edge of each shelf, and along the outside edge of the top
of each shelf. Just barely dab it on there. You want to start out with just
a "whisper" of green. Once you have a feel for it you can decide just how
far onto the flat surfaces you want this "verdigris" to spread. Be sure to
apply only a little at a time. Keep a damp rag handy to quickly remove
mistakes; once it's dry it's hard to get off. If you do get more than you
want on there and it doesn't want to come completely off, get it off as
best you can, and then cover the area with more brown and bronze (remember
to end with the bronze).
Step 7 It'll feel dry when you get done, but you probably ought to
let the paint set overnight or at least for a couple of hours.
Step 8 Apply a clear topcoat of shellac. You can use any kind of clear-coat you like, but I always use shellac unless there’s a good reason not to. It's a beautiful, natural finish that's been around for hundreds (if not thousands) of years. Not only is it easy to work with (once you get the hang of it), but it's also so safe that it's used as a coating on candy and pills (if you see confectioner's or resinous glaze in the list of ingredients that's shellac).
Note Soak your
brush in a jar of
ammonia in between coats and just shake it out really well before using it
again (if possible, it's best to do this outside). Don’t rinse out the
ammonia, just shake off the excess. Rinsing your brush
in water between coats will cause the shellac to get cloudy (a phenomenon
known as blushing). The same thing will happen if you apply shellac
when it's raining or very humid. If it turns out that you can’t get back to the second
coat until the next day, you can just leave your brush in the ammonia
(although that’s probably not the best thing for a good brush, I’ve left
cheap brushes like this for days). When you’re through, rinse your brush
well in the same jar of ammonia (or denatured alcohol) and then wash it
out with soap and water.
Applying Shellac
If you’ve never used shellac before, get something you can practice on to
get the feel of it. (I suggest practicing on wood and if you mess up just
scrub the surface down with plenty of alcohol and 000 steel wool and start
over). This is actually a real easy finish to apply once you understand its
nature. The hardest thing about working with it is that it dries very quickly,
but there are a few tricks that make this easier to deal with. I know this
might sound like it’s hard to do, but it really isn’t. It took me hardly any
time to get the hang of it.
- First, thin the shellac 50/50 with denatured alcohol. Using a clear measuring cup
is the easiest way to do this (afterwards you can clean the measuring cup with
ammonia and still use it for cooking). Don’t make up more than a cup at a
time; a little goes a long way.
- Now, here’s the trick to applying it. As I said, shellac dries almost
instantly. By the time you brush from one end of the shelf to the other,
where you started will already be dry. Load your brush up and just lay it on
there with a nice smooth stroke
and never, ever go back if you miss a spot. Each layer melts the
one below it
and any gaps (what they call widows or orphans) will blend in. Once you get
the hang of it you’ll know just how much time you have to mess around, but
for now don’t backtrack to cover these missing spots. It’s a real good idea
to have a light that shines across (not above) the surface. It makes it much
easier to see what you're doing.
- Start back from where you ended (a pendulum motion is the best visual
aid I can think of to describe what I mean), trying not to overlap with the
previous pass as best you can. Work at a nice brisk pace.
- Always try to have enough shellac on your brush to make it all the way
across, but if you do run out of shellac in the middle, reload your brush,
and then, starting a few inches from where you ran out, lightly sweep back
into where you ended, then continue on (again, think pendulum).
- By the time you get all the whole shelf unit
covered, it should be dry enough where you started to begin a second coat.
Conventional wisdom would recommend letting it dry for two hours between
coats. If you’re impatient, though, as thin as this first coat is, it should
be all right to go right on. Two coats is probably enough for this project,
but if you want to do another (the more coats you apply, the more depth to
the finish) you really should let it dry for a couple of hours between coats
from here on, even though it will feel dry when you get done with each coat.
Once you’re happy with it, leave it alone until the next day. Don’t worry
about how shiny it looks. You’re gonna fix that with the next step.
Step 9 When refinishing wood, this
step is called rubbing out the finish and there’s really nothing to it.
Using 0000 steel wool, just lightly rub all over the surface. If you were
working on wood you’d want to use more pressure and rub with the grain. In
this case use little polishing-type circles and don’t bear down too hard;
you’re just knocking off the shine to create a gleam. If it’s still shinier
than you want it to be, switch to 000 steel wool. Most would recommend that
you use mineral spirits/paint thinner as a lubricant for this step. It cuts
down on the dust and makes it a little easier to see what you’re doing. I
usually don’t bother with this and just use a cloth to wipe the dust away
as I go. When you get done with this step, though, wipe the whole surface
off with mineral spirits or a tack cloth (from a hardware or paint store).
Note With this
project it shouldn’t be necessary to steel wool between coats. The shellac is so thinned
out that the next coat should melt away any brush marks or ridges (that are
the result of overlapping your rows too much). If you were using a thicker
mixture of shellac and working on wood, you might need to use some 320
sandpaper or 000 steel wool to smooth out irregularities in the surface
between coats. You can’t (and shouldn’t need to) use sandpaper for this
project, but if you should accidentally get any lumps (for example if some
shellac dripped off your brush and you didn’t notice it until it already
had a chance to set) these can be melted by whisking them with a T-shirt
pad just barely dampened with a bit of denatured alcohol. Do this really
lightly with a sweeping motion or the pad will stick to the surface and
make an even bigger mess. Then smooth the whole area out with some 000 steel
wool.
Step 10 I almost always use paste wax to give a little added protection to the shellac, but in this project this step really isn't necessary; it just gives a little extra added gleam. If you do use paste wax, use a soft cloth to wipe on a very thin coat, wipe off any excess, allow it to dry just until it hazes over (work in sections or it will get too hard), and then polish it up with a soft cloth. Because of the texture of this
finish you may not get all of the wax off with just the buffing cloth. This is also the case with any large-pored woods such as oak, mahogany, or walnut. To solve this problem I always go over any of these kinds of surfaces with a shoe shine (or other soft) brush. Do it right after polishing with the cloth or it gets much harder to do.
Copyright ©1998-2007 by Maude Gold Kiser
The Gold-Kiser Company
Nashville, Tennessee
All rights reserved